纳米流体是一种新兴的具有高效传热性能的流固两相工质, 在流体中加入纳米颗粒不仅显著提高了流固两相工质的导热系数, 增强其传热性能, 也解决传统的大颗粒两相工质稳定性差、易堵塞的问题, 在强化传热领域有着广阔的应用前景。介绍纳米流体研究产生的理论和实验背景, 对纳米流体导热机理的研究进行总结, 探讨目前研究中存在的问题和未来的研究发展方向。
Nanofluids are a new kind of working fluids with anomalously effective heat transfer performance.Nanoparticles not only significantly increase the thermal conductivity of the working medium so as to improve the heat transfer capacity, but also overcome the poor stability and clogging problem of traditional two-phase medium loaded with large particles.Therefore, nanofluids can be widely applied to the heat transfer enhancement field.This paper introduces the experimental and theoretical backgrounds of research on nanofluids and reviews heat conduction mechanisms of nanofluids proposed in existing literature.Some remaining problems under scrutiny and possible developments of the future research on nanofluids are also discussed.
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