以迈克耳孙干涉仪测量钠光波长实验为例, 在不确定度分析中考虑单次测量的实际意义, 将动镜的位置值作为直接测量量, 干涉条纹变化50级时动镜距离的变化量作为以位置量为直接测量量的间接测量量, 通过和通常普遍使用的处理方法进行对比发现:即使将动镜的移动距离作为直接测量结果, 也不能单纯地将仪器的误差作为总不确定度的B类分量。通过以上两种情况的考虑, 分析用逐差法处理实验数据时的不确定度的估算。
In this paper, the measurement of the sodium light wavelength by Michelson interferometer has been taken as an example to consider the practical significance of single measurement by analysing the uncertainty, and taking the position value of moving mirror as a direct measurement target, and the change value of moving mirror as an indirect measurement target which depends on the position value of moving mirror when the interference fringes change fifty times.In comparison with the usual processing method, it was observed that even if the displacement distance of moving mirror was taken as a direct measurement target, the instrument error could not be simply taken as the total uncertainty of B component.Taking the above two kinds of circumstances into account, the analysis of estimating uncertainty in processing the experimental data through gradual deduction method is suggested.
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