Aiming to address the limitations of traditional health monitoring methods of hydraulic oil pump truck testbed， such as reliance on periodic physical inspections and maintenance， low levels of informatization， and insufficient production efficiency， an application development architecture for a hydraulic oil pump truck monitoring system was proposed based on digital twin technology. This architecture integrates data， models， and communication to improved the predictive maintenance level and operational efficiency of the equipment. The research enabled real-time data interaction and fusion between the physical equipment and the virtual model by constructing a digital twin virtual model of the equipment and utilizing the TCP/IP protocol and a unified JSON packet format. On this basis， the system could perform simulation， numerical prediction， fault diagnosis， and early warning for the hydraulic oil pump truck testbed， thereby optimizing the equipment’s operation status.Test results show that the system is able to perform health monitoring and fault diagnosis for the hydraulic oil pump truck， showing broad prospects in the application of aviation testbed.