在利用陶瓷光固化 （vat photopolymerization，VPP） 增材制造技术制备复杂结构陶瓷零件时，由于材料体系、逐层打印原理及后处理工艺的固有特性极易产生各类缺陷。为解决这些缺陷对零件成型精度、服役性能及技术推广造成的制约与阻碍，系统研究了陶瓷光固化增材制造中缺陷的生成机理与控制策略。首先，总结了陶瓷光固化增材制造中存在的两类缺陷：形貌缺陷（如尺寸偏差、形貌失真）与结构缺陷（如各向异性、孔隙等），并揭示了其复杂的生成机制。然后，总结了基于理论建模与数值模拟的缺陷分析手段。在缺陷控制与性能改进方面，不仅总结了包括脱泡、浆料改进、优化脱脂烧结等传统优化方法，还探讨了“微结构设计”等创新性策略。最后，对未来值得关注的研究方向与发展重点进行了归纳与展望，以期为推动高性能陶瓷光固化增材制造技术的发展提供理论参考与实践指南。

During the preparation of complex-structured ceramic parts using ceramic vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing technology， various types of defects are readily generated due to the inherent attributes of the material system， the layer-by-layer printing principle， and the post-processing techniques. In order to resolve the constraints and damages caused by these defects to part forming accuracy， service performance， and technology promotion， a systematic investigation was conducted on the defect formation mechanisms and control strategies in ceramic vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing. Firstly， two types of defects existing in ceramic vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing were summarized， namely morphology defects （such as dimensional deviation and morphological distortion） and structural defects （such as anisotropy and porosity）， and their complex formation mechanisms were revealed. Then， defect analysis methods based on theoretical modeling and numerical simulation were summarized. In terms of defect control and performance improvement， not only were traditional optimization methods including degassing， slurry improvement， and optimization of debinding and sintering summarized， but also innovative strategies such as “microstructure design” were discussed. Finally， the research directions and development priorities worthy of future attention were summarized and prospected， with a view to providing theoretical reference and practical guidance for promoting the development of high-performance ceramic vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing technology.